What is BOM (Browser object model)?

Browser Object Model

The BOM consists of the objects navigator, history, screen, location and document which are children of window. In the document node is the DOM, the document object model, which represents the contents of the page. You can manipulate it using javascript.

The Browser Object Model (BOM) is used to interact with the browser.

The default object of browser is window means you can call all the functions of window by specifying window or directly. For example:

window.alert("hello itechtuto");
is same as:

alert("hello itechtuto");
You can use a lot of properties (other objects) defined underneath the window object like document, history, screen, navigator, location, innerHeight, innerWidth,

Window Object

The window object represents a window in browser. An object of window is created automatically by the browser.
Window is the object of browser, it is not the object of javascript. The javascript objects are string, array, date etc.

Methods of window object

The important methods of window object are as follows:

Method Description
alert() :- displays the alert box containing message with ok button.
confirm() :- displays the confirm dialog box containing message with ok and cancel button.
prompt() :- displays a dialog box to get input from the user.
open() :- opens the new window.
close() :- closes the current window.
setTimeout() :- performs action after specified time like calling function, evaluating expressions etc.

Example of alert() in javascript

It displays alert dialog box. It has message and ok button.

<script type="text/javascript">
function msg(){
alert("Hello Alert Box");
}
</script>
<input type="button" value="click" onclick="msg()"/>

Example of confirm() in javascript

It displays the confirm dialog box. It has message with ok and cancel buttons.

<script type="text/javascript">
function msg(){
var v= confirm("Are u sure?");
if(v==true){
alert("ok");
}
else{
alert("cancel");
}

}
</script>

<input type="button" value="delete record" onclick="msg()"/>

Example of prompt() in javascript

It displays prompt dialog box for input. It has message and textfield.

Example of open() in javascript

It displays the content in a new window.

<script type="text/javascript">
function msg(){
open("http://www.itechtuto.com");
}
</script>
<input type="button" value="itechtuto" onclick="msg()"/>

Example of setTimeout() in javascript

It performs its task after the given milliseconds.

<script type="text/javascript">
function msg(){
setTimeout(
function(){
alert("Welcome to itechtuto after 2 seconds")
},2000);

}
</script>

<input type="button" value="click" onclick="msg()"/>


JavaScript History Object

This function will accept an integer or a string. If an integer is used, the browser will go forward or back (if the value is negative) the number of specified pages in the history object (if the requested entry exists in the history object). The following example will move the browser back one page.

The history object contains the URLs visited by the user (within a browser window). The history object is part of the window object and is accessed through the window.history property.

The JavaScript history object represents an array of URLs visited by the user. By using this object, you can load previous, forward or any particular page. The history object is the window property, so it can be accessed by:
window.history
Or
history

The JavaScript History Object is property of the window object.

Properties

  • current - The current document URL.
  • length - The number of entries in the history object. (returns the length of the history URLs.)
  • forward() - The URL of the next document in the history object.
  • back() - The URL of the last document in the history object.
  • go() - Loads a specific URL from the history list

  • Example of history object

    Let’s see the different usage of history object.

    history.back();//for previous page
    history.forward();//for next page
    history.go(2);//for next 2nd page
    history.go(-2);//for previous 2nd page

    Example

    File name : index.php

    back() - Go to the previous URL entry in the history list. This does the same thing as the browser back button. The following HTML code creates a back button:

    File name : index.php

    forward()- Go to the next URL entry in the history list. This does the same thing as the browser forward button. This is only effective when there is a next document in the history list. The back function or browser back button must have previously been used for this function to work. The following HTML code creates a forward button:

    File name : index.php

    go(relPos | string) - This function will accept an integer or a string. If an integer is used, the browser will go forward or back (if the value is negative) the number of specified pages in the history object (if the requested entry exists in the history object). The following example will move the browser back one page.


    JavaScript Screen Object

    File name : index.php

    The JavaScript screen object holds information of browser screen. It can be used to display screen width, height, colorDepth, pixelDepth etc.

    The navigator object is the window property, so it can be accessed by:

    window.screen
    Or,

    screen

    Property of JavaScript Screen Object

    There are many properties of screen object that returns information of the browser.

    File name : index.php

    No. Property Description
    1 width returns the width of the screen
    2 height returns the height of the screen
    3 availWidth returns the available width
    4 availHeight returns the available height
    5 colorDepth returns the color depth
    6 pixelDepth returns the pixel depth.

    Example of JavaScript Screen Object

    File name : index.php


    Let’s see the different usage of screen object.

    <script>
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.width: "+screen.width);
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.height: "+screen.height);
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.availWidth: "+screen.availWidth);
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.availHeight: "+screen.availHeight);
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.colorDepth: "+screen.colorDepth);
    document.writeln("<br/>screen.pixelDepth: "+screen.pixelDepth);
    </script>





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