what is InnoDB?, what is innoDB in mysql database?

what is InnoDB?

InnoDB is a general-purpose storage engine that balances high reliability and high performance. In MySQL 5.7, InnoDB is the default MySQL storage engine.

Key Advantages of InnoDB

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Its DML operations follow the ACID model, with transactions featuring commit, rollback, and crash-recovery capabilities to protect user data.

InnoDB tables arrange your data on disk to optimize queries based on primary keys. Each InnoDB table has a primary key index called the clustered index that organizes the data to minimize I/O for primary key lookups.

To maintain data integrity, InnoDB supports FOREIGN KEY constraints. With foreign keys, inserts, updates, and deletes are checked to ensure they do not result in inconsistencies across different tables.

Benefits of Using InnoDB Tables

If you use MyISAM tables but are not committed to them for technical reasons, you may find InnoDB tables beneficial for the following reasons:

If your server crashes because of a hardware or software issue, regardless of what was happening in the database at the time, you don't need to do anything special after restarting the database. InnoDB crash recovery automatically finalizes any changes that were committed before the time of the crash, and undoes any changes that were in process but not committed. Just restart and continue where you left off.

The InnoDB storage engine maintains its own buffer pool that caches table and index data in main memory as data is accessed. Frequently used data is processed directly from memory. This cache applies to many types of information and speeds up processing. On dedicated database servers, up to 80% of physical memory is often assigned to the InnoDB buffer pool.

f you split up related data into different tables, you can set up foreign keys that enforce referential integrity. Update or delete data, and the related data in other tables is updated or deleted automatically. Try to insert data into a secondary table without corresponding data in the primary table, and the bad data gets kicked out automatically.

If data becomes corrupted on disk or in memory, a checksum mechanism alerts you to the bogus data before you use it.

When you design your database with appropriate primary key columns for each table, operations involving those columns are automatically optimized. It is very fast to reference the primary key columns in WHERE clauses, ORDER BY clauses, GROUP BY clauses, and join operations.

Inserts, updates, and deletes are optimized by an automatic mechanism called change buffering. InnoDB not only allows concurrent read and write access to the same table, it caches changed data to streamline disk I/O.

You can compress tables and associated indexes.

You can create and drop indexes with much less impact on performance and availability.

Truncating a file-per-table tablespace is very fast, and can free up disk space for the operating system to reuse, rather than freeing up space within the system tablespace that only InnoDB could reuse.

The storage layout for table data is more efficient for BLOB and long text fields, with the DYNAMIC row format.

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