what is CONCAT?

CONCAT()

CONCAT function is a String function, which is used to merge two or more strings and return a single string value. Example:-

SELECT CONCAT("ittutorial ", "is ", "a ", "best ","tutorial") AS Concatenated_String;

output :-

ittutorial is a best tutorial

SELECT CONCAT(Name, " ", address, " ", City) AS Address FROM ittutorial;
SELECT Name, CONCAT(Address, " ", pincode, " ", City) AS Address FROM ittutorial;

GROUP_CONCAT()

GROUP_CONCAT() is a type of an aggregate function. This function is used to concatenate string from multiple rows into a single string using various clauses. If the group contains at least one non-null value, it always returns a string value. Otherwise, you will get a null value.

SELECT cust_id, cust_fname, cust_lname, dept_id, GROUP_CONCAT(designation) as "designation" FROM customer group by cust_id;

Using DISTINCT Clause

SELECT cust_fname, cust_id, GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT designation) as "designation" FROM customer group by cust_id;

Using Separator Clause

SELECT emp_fname, GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT designation SEPARATOR '; ') as "designation" FROM employee group by emp_id;

Example

SELECT Id, Department, CONCAT(FirstName, ‘ ‘ , LastName) AS Fullname FROM Employee;

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